<\/span><\/h2>\nOne of the reasons why it\u2019s been postulated, that the effects of stretching was merely neural, is because that\u2019s what a lot of earlier studies found \u2013 not all though.
Of of the most notable studies pointing in this direction, was a meta-analysis from 2017 found that stretching for 6-8 weeks had no effect on muscle architecture, including fascicle length [16] \u2013 it is worth noting, that the authors themselves argued that there were some significant limitations, such as the length of the included studies and the differences in the stretching intensities used.<\/p>\n
Since then, a bunch of interesting studies have been made \u2013 and recently a new meta-analysis was published, which showed that static stretching can indeed increase fascicle length [15]. We\u2019re gonna dive into this one, as there were some very interesting findings.<\/p>\n
They included 19 studies, which was divided into the high\/low intensity stretching and high\/low volume.<\/p>\n
Low-intensity studies included those which described stretch intensity as \u201cno pain perception\u201d, \u201cstretching preceding pain threshold\u201d, \u201cpain between 6 and 7 on an analog scale ranging from 1 to 10\u201d, and \u201cwithout suffering discomfort\u201d.
High-intensity studies included those which described pain perception as \u201chighest or maximum tolerable\u201d, \u201cpoint of discomfort\u201d, and \u201cmaximum tolerable after the onset of pain\u201d.<\/p>\n
The sub-group analysis showed, that only studies using high intensity stretching, induced increased in fascicle length.<\/p>\n
Moreover, they found that high stretching volume, was positively associated with increases in fascicle length.
The included studies were divided into either high or low volume depending on the total amount of time under stretch for the muscle studies \u2013 high volume was defined as >5400s and low volume as <5400s.<\/p>\n
The reason for the higher time under stretch in the high-volume group, was that the stretched were held for longer (104\u00b192 vs. 42\u00b115 s) and the interventions lasted longer (10.6\u00b16.2 vs. 5.1\u00b11.6 weeks, respectively,\u00a0p\u00a0<\/em>= 0.028).<\/p>\nIn practice, holding the stretches for longer time (60-300s) migh be beneficial for inducing increases in fascicle length, stretching atleast to the point of discomfort.
It seems that changes in fascicle length take 6+ weeks to occur.<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]<\/p>\n
<\/span>Adding load<\/span><\/h2>\nTaking advantage of external force might be another effective strategy for increasing stretching intensity and increasing fascicle length.<\/p>\n
In a review by Nunes et al. (2020), it was argued that stretching with high strain and\/or stress seems to be needed in order for training to increase fascicle length and that [20] \u2013 Stress refers to the force applied to a material per unit area, while muscle strain is the change from the muscles original length, that results from the applied force.<\/p>\n
Adding an external force to a strech, would be an effective way to increase the stress and possibly the strain experienced by the streched muscle \u2013 and there are a few studies that have utilized external force and found it to effectively increase fascicle length.[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/mikkelschleicher.dk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/Loaded-1-leg-jef.png” title_text=”Loaded-1-leg-jef” _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][\/et_pb_image][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]<\/p>\n
Example of a hamstring strech with added external load<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]<\/p>\n
Below is a short presentation of two of the main studies, that found an increase in fascicle length after adding some kind of external load \u2013 also two of the earlies studies, that found an increase in fascicle length after any kind of streching.<\/p>\n
In a study by Simpson et al. (2017) 11 male test subjects performed 6 weeks of stretching for the plantar flexors 5 times a week consisting of 3 minutes of continuous stretching performed with an external load of 20% of the plantar flexors MVC, which was increased weekly by 5%.
Post-intervention, ROM and FL in the muscle-tendon junction (25% p <.001) were significantly increased.
The stretching was performed in a leg press machine, where the feet where placed so, the heels were unsupported \u2013 thus allowing the weight on the machine to stretch the calves. Rather easy to replicate.<\/p>\n
In a study by Freitas et al. 2015a, 5 male test subjects performed 8 weeks of stretching 3 times weekly, at a ROM equal to the maximum tolerable torque before the pain threshold for 450s; if possible, the ROM used was further increased every 90 seconds.
Knee extension ROM (11.2 \u00b1 9.5%, p = 0.04) and and biceps femoris FL (13.6%, p = 0.04) were significantly increased post-intervention.<\/p>\n
[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]<\/p>\n
<\/span>Practical Takeaways<\/span><\/h2>\nStatic streching can increase fascicle length, if performed with enough intensity (atleast to point of discomfor) and with enough stretching volume (30-300s pr. strech, aiming for 240s+ on a weekly basis).<\/p>\n
Increases in fascicle length might take 6+ weeks on average \u2013 working on your flexibility is a long term game.<\/p>\n
Adding external load or adding contractions can also be beneficial for increasing in fascicle length and maximizing your range gains long term.<\/p>\n
It should be noted, that these recommendations are aimed towards static passive stretching \u2013 utilizing active contraction of the streched musculature, is another very effective method of increasing ROM and fascicle length, but the same recommended reps\/sets and streching durations won\u2019t apply \u2013 more on that in a different post[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][et_pb_row _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_column type=”4_4″ _builder_version=”4.23.1″ _module_preset=”default” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.23.1″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” global_colors_info=”{}” theme_builder_area=”post_content”]<\/p>\n
<\/span>Referencer:<\/span><\/h4>\n1.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jorgenson, K.W., S.M. Phillips, and T.A. Hornberger,\u00a0Identifying the Structural Adaptations that Drive the Mechanical Load-Induced Growth of Skeletal Muscle: A Scoping Review.<\/em>\u00a0Cells, 2020.\u00a09<\/strong>(7).<\/p>\n2.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hinks, A., M.V. Franchi, and G.A. Power,\u00a0The influence of longitudinal muscle fascicle growth on mechanical function.<\/em>\u00a0J Appl Physiol (1985), 2022.\u00a0133<\/strong>(1): p. 87-103.<\/p>\n3.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Brockett, C.L., D.L. Morgan, and U. Proske,\u00a0Human hamstring muscles adapt to eccentric exercise by changing optimum length.<\/em>\u00a0Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2001.\u00a033<\/strong>(5): p. 783-90.<\/p>\n4.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Timmins, R.G., et al.,\u00a0Short biceps femoris fascicles and eccentric knee flexor weakness increase the risk of hamstring injury in elite football (soccer): a prospective cohort study.<\/em>\u00a0Br J Sports Med, 2016.\u00a050<\/strong>(24): p. 1524-1535.<\/p>\n5.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abe, T., et al.,\u00a0Relationship between sprint performance and muscle fascicle length in female sprinters.<\/em>\u00a0J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci, 2001.\u00a020<\/strong>(2): p. 141-7.<\/p>\n6.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kumagai, K., et al.,\u00a0Sprint performance is related to muscle fascicle length in male 100-m sprinters.<\/em>\u00a0J Appl Physiol (1985), 2000.\u00a088<\/strong>(3): p. 811-6.<\/p>\n7.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Abe, T., K. Kumagai, and W.F. Brechue,\u00a0Fascicle length of leg muscles is greater in sprinters than distance runners.<\/em>\u00a0Med Sci Sports Exerc, 2000.\u00a032<\/strong>(6): p. 1125-9.<\/p>\n8.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nasirzade, A., et al.,\u00a0Relationship between sprint performance of front crawl swimming and muscle fascicle length in young swimmers.<\/em>\u00a0J Sports Sci Med, 2014.\u00a013<\/strong>(3): p. 550-6.<\/p>\n9.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Wickiewicz, T.L., et al.,\u00a0Muscle architecture of the human lower limb.<\/em>\u00a0Clin Orthop Relat Res, 1983(179): p. 275-83.<\/p>\n10.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bodine, S.C., et al.,\u00a0Architectural, histochemical, and contractile characteristics of a unique biarticular muscle: the cat semitendinosus.<\/em>\u00a0J Neurophysiol, 1982.\u00a048<\/strong>(1): p. 192-201.<\/p>\n11.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Takeuchi, K., et al.,\u00a0Long-term static stretching can decrease muscle stiffness: A systematic review and meta-analysis.<\/em>\u00a0Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2023.<\/p>\n12.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Donti, O., et al.,\u00a0Gastrocnemius Medialis Architectural Properties at Rest and During Stretching in Female Athletes with Different Flexibility Training Background.<\/em>\u00a0Sports (Basel), 2019.\u00a07<\/strong>(2).<\/p>\n13.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Moltubakk, M.M., et al.,\u00a0Specialized properties of the triceps surae muscle-tendon unit in professional ballet dancers.<\/em>\u00a0Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2018.\u00a028<\/strong>(9): p. 2023-2034.<\/p>\n14.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Hirata, K., H. Kanehisa, and N. Miyamoto,\u00a0Association between medial gastrocnemius muscle-tendon unit architecture and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion with and without consideration of slack angle.<\/em>\u00a0PLoS One, 2021.\u00a016<\/strong>(3): p. e0248125.<\/p>\n15.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Panidi, I., et al.,\u00a0Muscle Architecture Adaptations to Static Stretching Training: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.<\/em>\u00a0Sports Med Open, 2023.\u00a09<\/strong>(1): p. 47.<\/p>\n16.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Freitas, S.R., et al.,\u00a0Can chronic stretching change the muscle-tendon mechanical properties? A review.<\/em>\u00a0Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2017.\u00a028<\/strong>(3): p. 794-806.<\/p>\n17.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Freitas, S.R. and P. Mil-Homens,\u00a0Effect of 8-week high-intensity stretching training on biceps femoris architecture.<\/em>\u00a0J Strength Cond Res, 2015.\u00a029<\/strong>(6): p. 1737-40.<\/p>\n18.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Kay, A.D., et al.,\u00a0Stretch imposed on active muscle elicits positive adaptations in strain risk factors and exercise-induced muscle damage.<\/em>\u00a0Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2018.\u00a028<\/strong>(11): p. 2299-2309.<\/p>\n19.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Simpson, C.L., et al.,\u00a0Stretch training induces unequal adaptation in muscle fascicles and thickness in medial and lateral gastrocnemii.<\/em>\u00a0Scand J Med Sci Sports, 2017.\u00a027<\/strong>(12): p. 1597-1604. 20.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nunes, J.P., et al.,\u00a0Does stretch training induce muscle hypertrophy in humans? A review of the literature.<\/em>\u00a0Clin Physiol Funct Imaging, 2020.\u00a040<\/strong>(3): p. 148-156.<\/p>\n[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
The effects of static stretching is often though to be only neural \u2013 however, this is not correct. If done correctly, stretching can litterally make your muscles grow longer, which might be helpfull if you want to get more flexible!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2166,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"
[et_pb_section fb_built=\"1\" _builder_version=\"4.23.1\" custom_padding=\"0px||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_row _builder_version=\"4.23.1\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" custom_padding=\"0px||||false|false\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"][et_pb_column type=\"4_4\" _builder_version=\"4.16\" custom_padding=\"|||\" global_colors_info=\"{}\" custom_padding__hover=\"|||\"][et_pb_text _builder_version=\"4.23.1\" background_size=\"initial\" background_position=\"top_left\" background_repeat=\"repeat\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]<\/p>
Fleksibilitetstr\u00e6ning og styrketr\u00e6ning, bliver ofte set som to mods\u00e6tninger. Det er imidlertid ikke sandt, det er faktisk i h\u00f8j grad muligt at kombinere fleksibilitet og styrketr\u00e6ning. Det kan endda have visse fordele hvis man gerne vil v\u00e6re mere fleksibel, sammenlignet med traditionel udstr\u00e6kning.<\/p>
I denne artikel vil jeg pr\u00e6sentere dig for de fordele der findes ved at tr\u00e6ne fleksibilitet gennem styrketr\u00e6ning, samt hvordan denne type tr\u00e6ning p\u00e5virker fleksibiliteten, med udgangspunkt i den videnskabelige litteratur p\u00e5 omr\u00e5det.
I sidste del af artiklen, vil jeg komme med anbefalinger ift. hvordan du selv kan tr\u00e6ne fleksibilitet p\u00e5 denne m\u00e5de. Denne del bygger p\u00e5 den viden der pr\u00e6senteres i f\u00f8rste del, men ogs\u00e5 p\u00e5 personlig erfaring.<\/p>
I fleksibilitetstr\u00e6ning skelnes der mellem aktiv og passiv, samt dynamisk og statisk[1]. Aktiv fleksibilitetstr\u00e6ning inkluderer en form for volunt\u00e6r kontraktion af den forl\u00e6ngede eller forkortede muskel, men passiv fleksibilitetstr\u00e6ning foreg\u00e5r uden[2].
Statisk udstr\u00e6kning er den form de fleste af os kender, hvor man holder et str\u00e6k. Navnet siger n\u00e6sten sig selv, det er statisk udstr\u00e6kning, alts\u00e5 uden bev\u00e6gelse. Dynamisk udstr\u00e6kning d\u00e6kker alle former for udstr\u00e6kning hvor man bev\u00e6ger sig ind og ud af et str\u00e6k. N\u00e5r fleksibilitet tr\u00e6nes gennem styrketr\u00e6ning, kan det g\u00f8res som en form for dynamisk udstr\u00e6kning, hvor bev\u00e6gelsen ind og ud af et str\u00e6k, organiseres i s\u00e6t og gentagelser, eller gennem isometrisk styrketr\u00e6ning, der kan sidestilles med statisk udstr\u00e6kning.<\/p>
N\u00e5r man \u00f8ger sin fleksibilitet, sker det enten ved at noget v\u00e6v forl\u00e6nges (muskler, sener, bindev\u00e6v, etc.), eller ved at den sensoriske oplevelse af str\u00e6kket \u00e6ndres, s\u00e5dan at evnen til at tolerere f\u00f8lelsen af str\u00e6k \u00f8ges. N\u00e5r str\u00e6k tolerancen \u00f8ges, betyder det, at det f\u00f8les mindre intenst\/smertefuldt i bev\u00e6ge sig ind i et str\u00e6k, hvilket g\u00f8r at man kan bev\u00e6ge sig dybere ind i det og fleksibiliteten \u00f8ges [6]. Studier af 6-8 uger varighed, der unders\u00f8ger effekten af statisk udstr\u00e6kning, finder at den \u00f8gede fleksibilitet der opn\u00e5s, udelukkende sker p\u00e5 baggrund af \u00f8get str\u00e6k tolerance [6][13]. Der er lavet f\u00e5 studier der unders\u00f8ger den l\u00e6ngerevarende effekt af statisk udstr\u00e6kning, men et studie af Moltubakk (2019)[14], tyder p\u00e5 at der efter 24 ugers udstr\u00e6kning forekommer visse strukturelle adaptation.<\/p>
Styrketr\u00e6ning kan som sagt anvendes til at tr\u00e6ne fleksibilitet. B\u00e5de excentrisk[3], men ogs\u00e5 konventionel styrketr\u00e6ning[4] kan \u00f8ge fleksibilitet, hvis de tr\u00e6nede bev\u00e6gelser laves med fuld ROM [15]. Den \u00f8gede fleksibilitet, der forekommer ved denne form for tr\u00e6ning, kan forklares dels ved en \u00f8get str\u00e6k tolerance, dels ved strukturelle \u00e6ndringer, i form af \u00f8get fascikel l\u00e6ngde, sandsynligvis p\u00e5 grund af sarkomerogenese[5].
En fascikel er et lille bundt af muskelfibre. Sarkomerogenese er en proces hvor antallet af sarkomerer i forl\u00e6ngelse af hinanden, \u00f8ges i en muskelfiber. Biomekanisk har det betydning at der sker p\u00e5 netop denne m\u00e5de, men oversat til normalt sprog, betyder det bare at muskelfiberen bliver l\u00e6ngere. Dog med den \u201cbonus\u201d, at musklens kraftkurve samtidig forskydes, s\u00e5ledes at musklen bliver st\u00e6rkere i en mere forl\u00e6nget position.
Det reducerer risikoen for visse muskelskader, s\u00e5som fiberspr\u00e6ngninger[9]. Ved meget intens udstr\u00e6kning kan man risikere at f\u00e5 forstr\u00e6kninger, men ogs\u00e5 her vil excentrisk fleksibilitetstr\u00e6ning h\u00f8jst sandsynligt reducere risikoen. Almindelig passiv udstr\u00e6kning derimod, ser ikke ud til at have nogen effekt p\u00e5 risikoen for skader [10].<\/p>
Effekten af passiv udstr\u00e6kning ser ud til hovedsageligt at v\u00e6re \u00f8get str\u00e6ktolerance[6], og potentielt strukturelle \u00e6ndringer ved lang tids tr\u00e6ning. Enkelte studier har ogs\u00e5 fundet \u00f8get fascikel l\u00e6ngde efter udstr\u00e6kning med meget h\u00f8j intensitet og\/eller volumen.
Styrketr\u00e6ning af muskulaturen i en forl\u00e6nget position, ser imidlertid ud til at f\u00f8re til \u00f8get str\u00e6k tolerance, i samme grad som passivt str\u00e6k[7], men kan ogs\u00e5 f\u00f8re til strukturelle adaptationer, allerede efter 5-8 ugers tr\u00e6ning. Derudover ser det ud til at man i h\u00f8j grad kan bibeholde de strukturelle \u00e6ndringer(alts\u00e5 de l\u00e6ngere fascikler\/muskler) der sker som f\u00f8lge af styrketr\u00e6ning som fleksibilitetstr\u00e6ning, selv efter at man stopper med at tr\u00e6ne[8]. Styrketr\u00e6ning og statisk udstr\u00e6kning, ser ud til at v\u00e6re lige effektive n\u00e5r det kommer til at \u00f8ge bev\u00e6geudslag\/ROM [16], men at tr\u00e6ne fleksibilitet gennem styrketr\u00e6ning, har de fordele, at du samtidigt bliver st\u00e6rkere, mindsker risikoen for visse typer af skader og sandsynligvis kan beholde dine fleksibilitets gains i l\u00e6ngere tid, efter du stopper med at tr\u00e6ne.<\/p>
Herunder opsummeres pointerne fra f\u00f8rste del:<\/strong><\/p>- Fleksibilitet kan tr\u00e6nes ved hj\u00e6lp af styrketr\u00e6ning, hvis \u00f8velserne udf\u00f8res med fuld ROM.<\/li>
- Grunden til at denne type tr\u00e6ning kan \u00f8ge fleksibiliteten, er at str\u00e6k tolerancen \u00f8ges og muskulaturen bliver l\u00e6ngere, samt st\u00e6rkere i en forl\u00e6nget position.<\/li>
- Fleksibilitet der opn\u00e5s gennem denne type tr\u00e6ning kan sandsynligvis bibeholdes i l\u00e6ngere tid uden tr\u00e6ning.<\/li>
- Muskulaturens \u00f8gede styrke i en forl\u00e6nget position, reducerer risikoen for visse typer af skader<\/li>
- Udstr\u00e6kning og styrketr\u00e6ning, ser ud til at v\u00e6re lige effektivt ift. at \u00f8ge bev\u00e6geudslag\/ROM<\/li><\/ul>
\u00a0<\/p>
Man har flere muligheder for at anvende sin fleksibilitet, hvis man er st\u00e6rk i hele sin ROM. Et pres op fra middle split er et godt eksempel p\u00e5 et trick, der kun er muligt hvis man har en betragteligt m\u00e6ngde styrke, over hele bev\u00e6geudslaget. Det er ogs\u00e5 et godt eksempel p\u00e5 en \u00f8velse, der efter min mening, med fordel kan tr\u00e6nes som styrketr\u00e6ning.<\/p>
[\/et_pb_text][et_pb_code _builder_version=\"4.23.1\" _module_preset=\"default\" global_colors_info=\"{}\"]